EDISON, N.J.—Hackensack Meridian Health (HMH) has conducted an observational real world study of more than 3,000 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and found that hypertension, the most common comorbidity, doesn’t have a major impact on survival from the infection when adjusted for age and other comorbid conditions. The study also found that commonly prescribed medications to treat high blood pressure could potentially have a positive impact.
These findings were released on medRxiv, a Yale University-affiliated online platform for researchers to share scientific information prior to publication in peer-reviewed journals. The study was based on a ground-breaking database — the RE-COV-RY (Real world Evidence-COVid-RegistrY) — one of the largest compilations of hospital-based COVID-19 data in the U.S. to date. This is the first study released from the network’s database.
“I am so proud of our Hackensack Meridian Health clinical and research teams who are helping to tackle this unprecedented global challenge,” said Robert C. Garrett, FACHE, chief executive officer of HMH. “This groundbreaking study will help our hospitals, as well as hospitals throughout the country, better understand the impact of potential therapies and important risk factors. The RE-COV-RY database will save lives and improve outcomes.’'
Hypertension is one of the most prevalent health conditions facing Americans. Around one in three adults have high blood pressure, which increases the risk of heart disease, stroke and kidney failure. The CDC has reported that nearly three in four hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were 65 and older had hypertension.
A major debate is underway on why hypertension makes patients vulnerable, and the impact of commonly prescribed blood pressure drugs. Experts do agree that the drugs affect the same pathways that the virus uses to reach the heart and lungs. Researchers want to know whether the anti-hypertensive drugs could help or harm patients with COVID-19. The drugs are known as ACE-inhibitors and ARBs, and include commonly prescribed medications such as Vasotec, Prinivil, Altace, Cozaar, Diovan and Benicar, as well as their generics.
“Advanced age appears to be the most important risk factor among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Our study shows that when you adjust age, hypertension is not a major risk factor in COVID-19 mortality,” explained Stuart Goldberg, M.D., a hematologist/oncologist and chief of the Division of Outcomes and Value Research at the John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center. “We also looked at what hypertension medications patients were taking and determined there was no detrimental effect and potentially a positive effect with the use of ACE and ARB medications.”
The outcomes division of the John Theurer Cancer Center (JTCC) at Hackensack University Medical Center, under the leadership of Goldberg and Dr. Andrew Ip, created a database to guide the analysis of over 3,000 patients admitted to HMH facilities for urgent care.
“Being in an epicenter with a large volume of patients and having the benefit of a single electronic health record platform like Epic, Hackensack Meridian has been able to rapidly compile real-world data experience on over 3,000 patients to assess for risk factors and the effect of therapeutic interventions being used to treat COVID-19 patients,” stated Andrew L. Pecora, M.D., FACP, CPE, chief executive officer, Outcomes Matter Innovations, co-chief of the John Theurer Cancer Center Skin and Sarcoma Division.
Using COTA, Inc. to assist, the Hackensack Meridian JTCC team conducted univariate and multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for poor outcomes and to assess for potential effective therapeutic interventions. The data and statistical analysis were enhanced by Donald A. Berry, Ph.D, professor, Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and his team at Berry Consultants.
The Heart Failure Society of America, the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology recently released a joint statement recommending continued use of commonly prescribed drugs for hypertensive patients with COVID-19.
“We are in the midst of a global pandemic, and it is critical that we have the necessary data available for our medical professionals on the front lines of the COVID-19 crisis,” noted Ihor Sawczuk, M.D., FACS, regional president, Northern Market and chief research officer of HMH. “In the absence of randomized clinical trials, we must learn as much as we can in real-time as we battle this deadly virus. Our real-world database will be able to produce real, tangible results.”
Researchers established an observational database through Epic — Hackensack Meridian's electronic health records system — and collected a random sampling of COVID-19 patients who received treatment at one of 13 hospitals across the network. HMH investigators, COTA and Berry Consultants also developed the Hackensack Meridian COVID-19 Risk Score (HMH-RS), a risk score model to account for disease severity.
The HMH-RS includes patient gender, age, requirement of ICU care upon date of admission, serum ferritin, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and history of cardiac arrhythmias as significant features. The model will be used in the future to measure the effectiveness of other potential COVID-19 treatments.
